EDITORIAL COMMENT

Renal transplant stone disease is a rare complication with a reported incidence ranging between 0.2% and 6.3%. However, consequences of allograft lithiasis might be serious leading to acute renal failure if obstruction occurs. In this retrospective study, the authors have evaluated the efficacy and safety of the minimally invasive procedures used to manage cases of allograft lithiasis in 19 patients (1.2%) out of 1615 kidney allograft recipients. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy has been the most frequent choice of treatment modality (31.6%) besides extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, flexible ureterorenoscopy, conservative management or combination of those modalities which have rendered stone-free rates in all patients in this cohort. However, it must be kept in mind that immunosuppressed state, the extra anatomic location of the transplanted kidney and denervation of the allograft can make the diagnosis and management challenging in renal transplant nephrolithiasis.